总结是在一段时间内对学习和工作生活等表现加以总结和概括的一种书面材料，通过它可以全面地、系统地了解以往的学习和工作情况，为此要我们写一份总结。总结怎么写才是正确的呢？下面是小编帮大家整理的初一英语知识点总结，欢迎阅读与收藏。

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇1

首先，注意可数名词和不可数名词。

A. 数的区别：可数名词有单、复数，其复数形式一般是在其后加上-(e)s。不可数名词只有单数形式，而没有复数的变化。

B. 量的表达区别：可数名词前可用a(n)及数词来表示其量，也可借助于其它的可数名词，用of介词来表示其量，此时，表示量的可数名词有单、复数变化，表示事物的可数名词本身则必须用复数。不可数名词前则不可用a(n)及数词来表示其量，只可借助于其它可数名词，表示量的可数名词有单、复数的变化，不可数名词没有数的变化。

C. 修饰词的差异：可数名词和不可数名词前都可用some, any来修饰，表示“一些”之意，而表示“很多”之意时，可数名词(复数形式)前应用many或a lot of;不可数名词(只可用单数形式)前应用much 或a lot of。询问可数名词的量用how many, 而询问不可数名词的量则应用how much。

其次，注意名词所有格的.用法。有生命事物名词的所有格应在其后加上s。

方法：

A. 单数名词在其后直接加s。

B. 以-s结尾的复数名词,在其后加上’, 而不可加s。

C. 以非s结尾的复数名词,需在其后加上s。

D. 表示两个或两个以上的人共有某个人或某个事物时,只需将最后一个名词变为所有格,前面的各个名词无需变为所有格。

E. 表示两个或两个以上的人分别有某人或某物时,各个名词均需变为所有格形式。

注意：表示无生命事物的名词一般应用of介词短语来构成其所有格。

2. 英语限定词的用法

英语名词前一般常会用上a(n), the, some, any等词修饰它,这些词都叫限定词。限定词的使用应注意选择,不可滥用、混用。

首先，注意冠词的用法。a(n)为不定冠词，它常用在单数可数名词前,表示不确定的人或事物。a用在以辅音音素开头的词、数字、字母、符号等前;an用在以元音音素开头的词前。the为定冠词，可用在单数可数名词、不可数名词或复数可数名词前表示确定的人或事物。

其次，注意some和any表示“一些”之意的用法。some一般用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中，在表示请求或希望对方作出肯定回答的疑问句中一般用some,而不能用any。

3. 人称代词和物主代词的用法

人称代词是用以代替某个人或某个事物的代词，有主、宾格之分。主格在句中充当主语，宾格则充当宾语。

物主代词用以表示某个人或某个事物属于某个人或某个事物所有，有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词放在名词或代词前修饰该名词或代词，名词性物主代词本身便代替了某个人或某个事物，其后不可再用名词或代词了。

4. There be句型

There be结构表示 “在某地或某时存在有某物”，be为句子的谓语，后面的名词是句子的主语。

A. 注意其中be的人称和数：后面的名词为单数可数名词或不可数名词时，be用is。后面的名词为可数名词复数时，be用are。如果不可数名词前有可数名词修饰，后面的动词be的人称和数应和可数名词保持一致。而后面的名词不止一个时，be的人称和数应和与其最为靠近的一个名词的人称和数保持一致。

B. 注意There be和have (has)的不同用法：There be结构表示“存在”有某人或某物;而have (has)则表示某人或某物归某人“所有”。在表示整体和部分的关系时，There be结构和have (has)常可互换使用。

5. 祈使句

祈使句常用来表示命令、请求、建议等语气,它的主语为you,通常省略,而以动词原形开头。表示命令语气的祈使句一般用降调来朗读,而表示请求或建议语气的祈使句一般用升调来朗读。其否定形式是在实义动词前加上dont，即使动词是be也是如此。

6. 介词(短语)的用法

介词一般用于名词或代词之前，表示主语与介词后面的名词或代词和句子其它成份的关系。介词和其后的名词或代词构成介词短语。介词短语在句中常用作表语、状语、定语等。不同的介词有不同的用法，在此不作赘述。

7. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句

一般疑问句一般以动词be或助动词do开头，常用yes或no作回答;特殊疑问句则以特殊疑问词开头，不用yes或no作回答。如果在一般疑问句中有or连接了选择项，则该疑问句便为选择疑问句，选择疑问句也不用yes或no作回答，而应根据具体情况直接作出回答。

8. 注意同义词的辨析

初一上学期的重点同义词有：a, an和one; no和not; excuse me和sorry; its和its; who和what; look like和look the same; lets和let us; good, nice; fine, well和all right; look; look at; see和watch; and和or; family, house和home; with和and; what, which和who;one和it; whose和whos; put on, wear和in; other和else; say, speak, talk和tell;get和get to等。

9. 常用口语及话题

初一上学期要求我们掌握的口语有：问候、介绍、告别、打电话、感谢与应答、意愿、道歉与应答、提供帮助及应答、请求允许与应答、表示同意与不同意、喜好与厌恶、表示感情、请求帮助、询问时间等。话题有：谈论家庭、朋友和周围的人、日常生活、兴趣与爱好、文体活动、健康、食品与饮料、服饰、职业等。

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇2

每年的中考试卷中，“句型转换”题所占分值较大，是为了全面考查学生在初中阶段所学的词汇(同义或反义)、短语、句型和语法等方面的知识及其它的之间的灵活运用能力。

Ⅰ.题型介绍

所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子A，再根据括号内的要求(有时没有明确，须自己观察)，在第二个句子B的空白处填上适当的词来完成的句型转换。

Ⅱ.题型分类

从形式上看，有如下几种形式：①某一词或词组的转换;②词组与句子的转换;③同义句型的转换;④为纠正常犯语言错误而设计的题目。

从内容上看，此题型涉及的面较广，主要有：①句子功能方面的转换。包括陈述句(肯定与否定)、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换;②句子结构方面的转换。即简单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换;③语态的转换。即主动语态与被动语态之间的转换;④常用句型与词汇手段的转换。

Ⅲ.具体分类如下

一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换

1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句，大部分是用not来改变谓语结构，但也有借用否定意义的词，如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly等，例如：

A：Tom does well in maths.

B：Tom doesn't do in maths.

A：He has much to do.

B：He has nothing to do.

A：All of my classmates like art.

B：None of my classmates likes art.

2、改为疑问句。根据上下句的结构和词的减少，来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。例如：

A：My brother often has breakfast at school.

B： Does your brother often have breakfast at school?

A：Tom's already weak in English.

B：Tom's already weak in English, isn't he ?

A：The red light changes every two minutes.

B：How often does the red light change?

3、改为感叹句。根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性，来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式，例如：

A：This is an interesting book.

B：What an interesting book this is!

或 How interesting this book is!

二、同义句转换。

根据上句，写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句，此类形式繁多，内容复杂，涉及面广，归类如下：

1、同义词或词组之间的转换。(通常上下句时态保持一致)。

常见的同义词或词组有：(1)四个“花费”(spend-take-cost-take);(2)三个“到达”(get to-reach-arrive in/at);(3)四个“收到…来信”(hear from-get a letter from-receive a letter from-have a letter from);(4)两个“擅长于…”(be good at -do well in);(5)两个“有空”(be free-have time);(6)三个“入睡”(go to sleep-get to sleep-fall asleep);(7)两个“玩得开心”(enjoy oneself-have a good time);(8)“给…打电话”(call sb-telephone sb-ring sb. a call-make a telephone to sb.)(9)“飞往…”(fly to…-go to…by air/plane)(10)“自学”(teach oneself-learn…by oneself)(11)在…方面帮助help…with…-help… (to)do…(12)在…差be weak in…-do badly in…(13)能/会…can-be able to(14)更喜欢…like…better than…-prefer…to…(15)充满了…be full of…-be filled with…(16)放弃干…give up doing…-stop doing…(17)不再… no longer-not …any longer(18)照顾/保管 take care of…-look after(19)展览 on show-on display(20)阻止…干…stop…from doing-keep/prevent…from doing…(21)由于 thanks to-because of…(22)举手hands up-put up one's hands(23)最后，终于at last-in the end(24)与…不同 be different from…-be not the same as…(25)从…借入… borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火车/的士 go to…by bus/train/taxi-take a bus /train/taxi to…(27)乘自行车去… go to…by bike-ride a bike to…(28)为…感到自豪 be proud of…-be the pride of…(29)步行去… walk to…-go to…on foot (30)独自地by oneself -alone等。例如：

A：The children had a good time in the park.

B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.

2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有①It seems that 从句→Somebody seems(to be)+adj/n ②It's kind of sb. to do…→Somebody is kind to do… ③What does…mean?→What do you mean by…? 或What's the meaning of…?④There is something wrong with…→Something is wrong with… ⑤not…until…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换 ⑥What's wrong with…?→What's the matter with…? ⑦How is…?→What's…like…?⑧How do you like…?→What do you think of?⑧It's time that…→It's time for sb. to do…⑨It's said that…→People say that…⑩Can I help you? →What can I do for you?

例如：

A：I went to bed after I finished my homework.

B：I didn't go to bed until I finished my homework.

3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如：

A：If it doesn't rain tomorrow, they'll go to the park.

B：Unless it rains tomorrow, they'll go to the park.

A：If you don't hurry, you'll be late.

B：Hurry up, or you'll be late.

A：Fish can't live if there is no water.

B：Fish can't live without water.

4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。在现在完成时态中，结束性动词不能与时间段连用，必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换有：buy-have, borrow-keep, die-be dead, open-be open, join-be in+组织/be a +成员, begin-be on, leave-be away from, close-be closed, arrive in/ get to/ come/go to-be in/at, finsh-be over, go to sleep-be asleep，get up-be up.

例如：The old man died five months ago.

The old man has been dead since five months ago.

The old man has been dead for five months.

It's five months since the old man died.

Five months has passed since the old man died.

5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。

①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如：

A：I saw they were playing football on the playground.

B：I saw them playing football on the playground.

A：The teacher found that she was very clever.

B：The teacher found her very clever.

A：He found that it was hard to learn English well.

B：He found it hard to learn English well.

A：We are sure that we will win to first match.

B：We are sure to win to first match.

由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。例如：

A：Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

B：Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?

A：We don't know what we should do next.

B：We don't know what to do next.

②由when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until + doing…

例如：

A：They went home after they finished their work.

B：The went home after finishing their work.

A：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China.

B：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.

When sb. +be+数词+years old→at the age of+岁数

A：When he was twelve years old, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his own newspaper.

③由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…to do或…enough to do……例如：

A：The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.

B：The box is too heavy for me to carry.

或：The box isn't light enough for me to carry.

A：The child is so old that he can go to school.

B：The child is old enough to go to school.

④由so that 引导的目的状语从句可转化为in order to do例如：

A：My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.

B：My father got up early this morning in order to catch the early bus.

⑤由because 引导的原因状语从句可转化为because of…例如：

A：We didn't go to the park because it rained.

B：We didn't go to the park because of the rain.

⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如：

A：The man who is on the bike is Jim.

B：The man on the bike is Jim.

A：The man who is driving the red car is my boss.

B：The man driving the red car is my boss.

A：The girl who is called Mary is my sister.

B：The girl called Mary is my sister.

6、用并列连词neither…nor;either…or…;both…and…;not only…but also…连句。例如：

A：I haven't seen a TV play for long, and Lily hasn't either.

B：Neither I nor Lily has seen a TV play for long.

A：Tom is good at maths, and he is good at French, too.

B：Tom is good at both maths and French.

neither…nor…, either…or…和not only…but also…连接两个主语时，谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定，即“就近原则”，但是both…and用来连接两个主语时，谓语复数。

7、主动语与被动语态的互变。

“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。“三变”即是主语，谓语和宾语的变化，“二不变”即时态不变，句式不变。例如：

A：They make watches in the town.

B：Watches are made by them in the town.

A：I can finish the work before eight.

B：The work can be finished(by me)before eight.

A：Do they grow rice in South China?

B：Is rice grown in South China?

注：使役性动词make或感观性动词see/watch/look at/hear/listen to/feel在主动语态中所带省to的不定式宾补变为被动语态时，必须加上to.

A：I saw him take your umbrella.

B：He was seen to take your umbrella.

8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化，例如

A：Chinese is the most important subject of all.

B：Chinese is more important than any other subject.

A：This exercise is easier than the other two.

B：This exercise is the easiest of the three.

Ⅵ.解题指导

要做好句型转换题，必须注意如下几点：

1、注重掌握教材中的基本句和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧。

2、弄清题意，明确题目考查点，了解题目所给句子与答句之间的关系。

3、注意从多角度，全方位考虑问题，突破难点，注意复查，看是否按要求完成了转换。

通过上述的归纳和指导，可以理清学生的“依章办事”的解题思路，养成“有条不紊”的解题习惯，培养多角度思维解题的能力，从而达到提高学习效率的目的。

特殊疑问句

注：1、一般情况：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。

2、特殊疑问词在句中充当成分。

3、不用yes ,no回答，直接回答。

4、读降调。

5、常用疑问词：who, what, whose, where, how, which, when, why, how many, how much, how far. How long, how often, how soon, how high, 等。

对划线部分提问。(把各句变为特殊疑问句)

1、 对主语(人)提问：

The boy is running now. Who is running now?

2、 对表语(人)提问：

He is Lily's father. Who is he ?

3、 对介宾(人)提问：

She is looking for the little boy. Who is she looking for ?

4、 对动宾(人)提问：

I often help Wei Hua with English. Who do you often help with English?

5、 对间宾(人)提问：

Kate lent Tom a ball yesterday. Who did Kate lend a ball yesterday?

6、 对主语(东西)提问：

The books are on the desk.. What are on the desk ?

7、 对表语(东西)提问：

These are boats. What are these?

8、 对动宾(东西)提问：

I want a cup of tea. What do you want?

9对职业(提问)提问：

The man is a farmer. What is the man ? What does the man do?

10.对介宾(东西)提问：

He is looking for his pen. What is he looking for?

11、对是什么提问：

It's a Chinese car. What is it?

12、对计算结果提问：

Six and nine is fifteen. What is six and nine?

13、对年级提问：

I'm in Grade Three. What grade are you in?

14、对班级提问：

Li Lei is in Class Five. What class is Li Lei in?

15、对年级和班级提问：

Wei Hua is in Class Three Grade One, What class and grade is Wei hua in ?

16、对排提问:

We are in Row One. What row are you in?

注：1、对年级、班级、排提问时，问句中的in 不能去掉.

2，what 后的grade ,class ，row用小写形式.

3,what根据实际译为汉语.

17、对学号提问:

Lucy is Number Six. What number is Lucy? What is Lucy's number?

18、对后置定语提问:

This is a map of China. What map is this ?

19、对颜色提问:

The flowers are red. What color are the flowers?

20、对几点几分提问:

It's six. What time is it ? What's the time?

21、对名字提问:

My name is Li Lei. What's your name ?

22、对前置定语提问:

These apples are yours. Which apples are yours?

The best one is Lily's. Which one is Lily's?

23、对表语(名物代)提问:

This cup is yours. Whose is the cup?

24、对后置定语提问:

The boy in the hat is my brother. Which boy is your brother?

25、对后置定语提问:

I want to buy the shirt on the left. Which shirt do you want to buy?

26、对主语(名物代)提问:

Mine is red. Whose is red?

27、对定语(形物代)提问:

They are my books. Whose books are they?

28、对定语(名词所有格)提问:

This is Lucy and Lily's room. Whose room is this?

29、对表语(名词所有格)提问：

This cup is Kate's. Whose is this cup?

30对身体提问：

I'm fine (well, OK, All right.) How are you?

31、对年龄提问：

The boy is fifteen. How old are you?

32、对天气提问：

It's cloudy today. How is the weather today?=What's the weather like today?

33、对语言提问：

I can spell it in English. How can you spell it?

34、对方式提问：

I often go to school on foot.(by bus ,by train , by bike?) How do you often go to school?

35、对程度提问：

She studies hard. How does she study?

36、对数量提问：

1,There are five birds in the tree. How many birds are there in the tree?

2,There is much water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle ?

3,There is an apple tree in front of the house. How many apple trees are there in front of the house?

37、对价格提问：The meat is ten yuan . How much is the meat?

注：1，对价格提问，be 应根据后面的主语而定。

2，单位yuan在问句中去掉。

38、对距离提问：

The factory is two kilometers from here. How far is the factory from here?

39、对长度提问：

The ruler is one metre long. How long is the ruler?

40、对for+一段时间提问：

We have stayed there for two hours. How long have you stayed there ?

He has lived here since 1997. How long has he lived here?

注：how long 后面必须是延续性动词。

41、对星期提问：

Today is Monday. What day is it today?

42、对in+一段时间提问：

The woman will go to the shop in five minutes. How soon the woman will go to the shop?

43、对频度副词提问：

Liu Ying often carries water for Uncle Li. How often does Liu Ying carry water for Uncle Li?

44、对范围内的次数提问：

I go swimming once a week in summer. How many times do you go swimming in summer?

45、对宽度提问：

The river is five metres wide. How wide is the river?

46、对原因状语提问：

He didn't come to school because he was ill in bed. Why didn't he come to school?

注：表示“因为”的连词有since, as , for, because.

47、对时间状语提问：

We usually come to school at seven in the morning. When do you usually come to school?

48、对地点状语提问：

The children sometimes play football on the playground. Where do the children sometimes play football?

49、对几月几日提问：

It's May 2 today. What's the date today?

50、对种类(后置定语)提问：

I want the cakes with nuts in them . What kind of cakes do you want?

51、对作什么提问：

The boys are playing in the tree. What are the boys doing in the tree?

熟记变特殊疑问句时，容易判断错的情况。

1、 数词

表示年龄：He is fifty-five. How old is he ?

表示时间：It's fifty-five. What's the time?

表示加法：Six and two is eight. What's six and two?

表示价格：The shirt is thirty yuan . How much is the shirt?

表示多少：I have three brothers. How many brothers do you have?

2、 姓名和人

表示人名：My name is Gina. What's your name?

表示人：The woman is Gina. Who is the woman ?

3、 长度和距离

表示距离：It's five hundred metres away from here. How far is it from here?

表示长度：It's five hundred metres. How long is it ?

4、 颜色，东西

表示颜色：The shoes are white. What color are the shoes?

表示物：They are white sheep. What are they?

表示颜色：They are white sheep. What color are these sheep?

5、 名词所有格和人

表示名词所有格：She's Lucy's sister. Whose sister is she?

表示人：She's Lucy's sister. Who is she?

同义句转换的九种类型

同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型，其出题形式通常是同时给出两个句子，第一句完整，第二句中设有几处空格，要求考生填入适当的词或词组，使第二句的`意思与第一句意思相同。它综合考查考生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识，要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子，使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面：

一、运用同义词(组)进行转换

用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：

1. That day we could see flowers here and there.

That day we could see flowers __________.

分析：答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.

分析：答案为looks after。take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。

二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换

即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如：

1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.

It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.

分析：答案为same as。be different from意为“与……不同”;the same as意为“与……相同”，其否定式与be different from同义。

2. I think wealth is less important than health.

I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.

分析：答案为don’t，more。less important的意思是“没有(不及)……重要”;more important的意思是“(比)……更重要”，该结构与not连用，则表示“不比……更重要”。

另外，有的反义词即使不与否定词连用，而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如：

He lent some money to his friend.

He friend ___ some money ___ him.

分析：答案为borrowed，from。borrow…from意为“向……借……”;lend…to意为“把……借给……”。两个结构意思相反，但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置，则可转换为同义句。

三、运用不同语态进行转换

即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如：

1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.

Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.

分析：答案为be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should，因此助动词用be。

2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.

分析：答案为are，used。computers是复数名词，助动词用are。

四、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换

即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：

1. The manager left two hours ago.

The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.

分析：答案为has been away。leave为非延续性动词，不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用，而改成be away这样的延续性动词后，则可连用一段时间。

2. The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.

分析：答案为on for。has been提示时态是现在完成时态，“for+时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”，常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。

3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.

Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.

答案：has been in。短暂动词join，意为“参加、加入(组织，政党)”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join改成be in或be a member in…。

五、运用不同引语进行转换

即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如：

1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.

He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.

分析：答案为told，had found。此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。

2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.

He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.

分析：答案为asked if/ whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。

六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换

即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如：

1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.

分析：答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语because of the rain。

2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.

He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.

分析：答案为too excited to。将so…that…换成too…to…结构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写句中的不定式仍表结果。

3. Now I will show you how to do the work.

Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.

分析：答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。

4. You should put them back after you use them.

You should put them back _____ _____ them.

分析：答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。

七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换

即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如：

1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.

____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.

分析：答案为If，don’t。if引导条件状语从句。

2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.

The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.

分析：答案为who/ that，will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句，修饰先行词the man。

八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子

即运用关联连词both…and…，neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如：

1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.

______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.

分析：答案填Neither，nor。neither…nor…表示“……和……(两者)都不”，刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。

2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.

______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.

分析：答案为Both，and。both…and…的意思是“……和……(两者)都”。

3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.

This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.

分析：答案为not only，but also。表示“不仅……而且……”之意。

九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换

这类典型结构如so…that…，too…to…，enough to，not…until…，so do I等。如：

1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.

Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.

分析：答案为so do。句意为“……他的父母也一样(一样想去)”。

2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.

John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.

分析：答案为didn’t，until。not…until意为“直到……才”。

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇3

1.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening早上(上午)/下午/晚上好。答语相同。在熟人或家人之间可省略good.熟人之间的问候可加上称呼语，称呼语放在问候语之后且用逗号隔开。如：Goodmorning,class!同学们，早上好!△Goodnight!晚安(晚间告别用语)

2.Hello,Frank!你好，弗兰克。

3.A;Howareyou?你(身体)好吗?

B;(I’m)fine/Verywell/I’mOK,Than./thanks.Andyou?我很好，谢谢。你呢?

A:(I’m)fine/OK,too.我也很好

4.thanks=than谢谢

5.HB(铅笔芯)硬黑CD光盘BBC英国广播公司

StarterUnit2What’sthisinEnglish

1.What’sthis/that?这/那是什么?

It’sa/an+物品(△不说This/Thatis...)

1)What’sthis/that?这/那是什么?2)What’sthis/that?这/那是什么?

It’saruler.(这/那是)直尺。It’sanapple.(这/那是)苹果。

2.What’sthis/thatinEnglish?这/那用英语怎么说?

It’sa/an+物品(△不说This/Thatis...)

in+语言：用某种语言inChinese/English/Japanese用汉/英/日语

3.a和an是不定冠词，只用在可数名词单数前面，表示“一”。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。这里的元音音素和辅音音素是指读音，而不是指字母。如：

apen/pen/一支钢笔(/p/为辅音音素)

anorange//一个桔子(//为元音音素)

4.P停车(区)NBA(美国)全国篮球协会kg千克

5.Spellit,please.=Pleasespellit.请拼读它。

K–E-Y.

Spell“pen”,please.=Pleasespellpen.请拼读“pen”。

P–E-N.

注：please置于句末时，前面要加逗号。

StarterUnit3Whatcolorisit?

1.What’sthis/that?这/那是什么?

It’sV.这是V。

V是字母，是专有名词，前面不必加冠词，但表示某一类东西，则在其单数名词前加a或an。

2.问颜色：Whatcolor

1)Whatcoloris+单数名词?2)Whatcolorare+复数名词?

It’s/Itis+颜色.They’re/Theyare+颜色.

如1)Whatcoloristhekey?(这把)钥匙是什么颜色的?

It’s(Itis)yellow.(它是)黄色的'。

2)Whatcolorarethekeys?这些钥匙是什么颜色的?

They’re(Theyare)red..(它们)是红色的。

3.color1)n.颜色2)v.给......着色，把......染成某种颜色colorsth+颜色Colorthepencilred.把铅笔涂成红色。

4.It’sblackandwhite.它是黑白相间色。

5.S小号M中号L大号UFO不明飞行物CCTV中国中央电视台UN联合国

6.Thekeyisyellow.钥匙是黄色的。

The是定冠词，表示“这(个)，那(个)，这些，那些”，在元音音素前读//，在辅音音素前读//。它可以用在名词前，表示特指说话双方都知道的人或物，或上文提到的人或物。

1)Thebookonthedeskismine.桌子上的书是我的。(特指)

2)Whereistheteacher?老师在哪?(双方都知道)

3)Hehasapen,thepenisblack.他有支钢笔，钢笔是黑色的。(指上文提到的事物)

7.5个元音字母：AaEeIiOoUu

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇4

1、动词的种类(四类)

系动词如be(is am are);情态动词如can 、may、need;助动词( do does);行为动词如take、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think等

2、动词的第三人称单数(与名词的复数一样)

如eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)

3、动词的时态(一般现在时)

(1)含有系动词的

I’m a Chinese boy .

She is twelve .

He is Tim’s brother .

Her mother is an English teacher .

含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”，上面句子变成一般疑问句时分别为

Are you a Chinese boy ?(注意第一人称通常变为第二人称)

Is she twelve ?

Is he Tim’s brother ?

Is her mother an English teacher ?

含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”，前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为

I’m not a Chinese boy.

She isn’t twelve .

He is not Tim’s btother .

Her mother isn’t an English teacher .

(2)含有情态动词的句子( can ),She can play basketball.

His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.

含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”，上面两句变一般疑问句分别为

Can she play basketball ?

Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?

含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为

She can not play basketball .

His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs .

(3)含有行为动词的`句子

We have many friends.

They watch TV at 7 in the evening .

The students take their books to school .

I have lunch at school .

You have a sister .

1含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为

Do you have many friends ?

Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?

Do the students take their books to school ?

Do you have lunch at school ?

Do you have a sister ?

2含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加don’t .上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为

We don’t have many friends.

They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening .

The students don’t take their books to school .

I don’t have lunch at school .

You don’t have a sister .

3含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s (或es)如：

She has a red pen .

He has eggs for breakfast .

Her mother buys a skirt for her .

She likes thrillers .

My brother watches TV every evening .

He wants to go to a movie .

含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does,同时行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为：

Does she have a red pen ?

Does he have eggs for breakfast ?

Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?

Does she like thrillers ?

Does your brother watch TV every evening ?

Does he want to go to a movie ?

含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变否定句时“在行为动词前面加does’nt ,同时原行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变否定句分别为：

She doesn’t have a red pen .

He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast .

Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her .

She doesn’t like thrillers .

My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening .

He doesn’t want to go to a movie .

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇5

I.要点

表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。

1、虚拟语气的构成

如：与现在事实相反

If I had more time， I should study German.(fact:I have no more time， so I shall not study German.)

If she were not so busy， she would attend the meeting this afternoon.(fact:she is very busy， so she will not attend the meeting this afternoon.) If they didn’t take physical eXercises every day， they

wouldn’t be so healthy.(fact: they take physical eXercises every day， so they are very healthy.)

与过去事实相反：

I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s eXamination.(fact:I had no more time at yesterday’s eXam， so I didn’t check my paper again) You would have already recovered from his illness if he had seen the doctor in good time.(fact: He didn’t see the doctor in good time ，so he hasn’t recovered from his illness ) 与将来事实相反：

If it rains tomorrow， our picnic will be put off.(The weather has been changeable these days.) If it rained tomorrow， our picnic would be put off.( The weather has beenvery good these days.) If it should rain tomorrow， our picnic would be put off.(That would be out of our eXpectation.) If it were to rain tomorrow， our picnic would be put off.(条件从句谓语动词用were to +动词原形，表示下雨的可能性极小。Were to rain和should rain都表示“出乎意料之外”，但were to加强表示“当初没想到以后的事”)

注：

(（1)如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had， should， could

有时可将if省去，但要倒装。如：

Had you (If you had)invited us， we would have come to your party.

(2）混合时间条件句的用法：

有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致。这时动词的形式，应根据它所要表达的具体时间来决定用什么形式。

（1)If she hadn’t trained so hard， she wouldn’t be run so fast.(从句叙述过去，主句叙述现在。) (fact: she has trained very hard， so she would able to run fast.)

（2）You would speak English well enough if you had practised reading and speaking it every day.(主句叙述现在，从句叙述过去)

(fact: You didn’t practice (hasn’t practiced )reading and speaking it every day， so you can’t speak English well enough.)

(3）在其他状语从句中的。用法

主要用于由as if (as though)引导的比较状语从句，从句中谓语动词一般用“动词的过去式(be变were )或had +过去分词。”如： She looked as if she were ill.(实际上她没有病，在这里用虚拟语气补语比喻她精神不佳)

Xiao Liu speaks English so well as if he had studied in England.(这里用虚拟语气表现他的英语说得好)

2、虚拟语气在各种从句的.应用

(（1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是"should(可省)+动词原形"，常用于以下三种句型中。 句型一、It is necessary (important， natural， strange， etc)that…

句型二、It is a pity (a shame， no wonder， etc)that… 句型三、It is suggested (requested， proposed， desired， etc)that…

如：It is strange that he (should)have done that. It is a pity that he (should)be so careless. It is requested that we (should)be so careless.

(2）在宾语从句中用于suggest， propose， move， insist， desire， demand， request， order， command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：

I suggest that we (should)go swimming.

(3）在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion， proposal， request， orders， idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： His suggestion is that we (should)leave at once. （4)在同位语从句中，谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： We received order that the work be done at once.

（5)在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或"should +动词原形"，should不可省。如： Its time (that)we went ( should go)to school.

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇6

1、名词的复数

(1)、一般的直接加s，如desk(desks) 、pen(pens) 、ruler(rulers)

(2)、以x 、s、ch、sh结尾的`加es如box(boxes)、class(classes)、watch(watches)等

(3)、以辅音字母加y结尾的要变y为i加es，如family ,comedy,documentary等

(4)、以0结尾的名词，有生命的加es如：tomato(tomatoes) 、potato (potatoes );没有生命的加s,如

photo(photos)、piano(pianos)、zero(zeros)

2、名词所有格在名词的后边加’s ,表示后面的名词属于前面的名词所有，如LiLei’s bag Tom’s desk 、her mother’s brother

3、专用名词的大写

如English、Brown 、Rush 、Sunday 、January 、December、 Beijing Opera

[year+3:100]初一英语知识点总结归纳 篇7

There be的句子结构

There be是一个肯定句的`形式为：There be +名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.

There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.

(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式为：There be + not + (any) +名词+地点状语。

There is not any cat in the room.

There arent any books on the desk.

(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答：Yes, there is /

are.否定回答：No, there isnt / arent.

Is there a dog in the picture?

Yes, there is.

Are there any boats in the river?

No, there arent.

(3)特殊疑问句：How many ...are there (+地点状语)?

回答用There be ...

Theres one./ There are two / three / some ...

有时直接就用数字来回答。One./ Two ...

How many students are there in the classroom?

Theres only one./ There are nine.

(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用：How much +不可数名词+ is there +地点状语? Eg:How much water is

there in the cup?

How much food is there in the bowl?